Final answer:
The social science that primarily focuses on governmental workings and the distribution of power and resources is political science. The correct option is c.
Step-by-step explanation:
The social science which focuses primarily on the workings of government and addresses the question "who gets what, when, and how" is political science.
This discipline studies the interactions between citizens and their government and is concerned with the distribution of power, resources, and policy decisions that affect various aspects of society.
Sociology also addresses political issues but does so with an emphasis on how these forces shape social life, whereas political science delves into the mechanics and theory behind these political decisions and actions.
By understanding both the social norms and organizational structures within a society, political scientists can gain a deeper insight into how political institutions and actors operate within the larger socio-cultural context. The correct option is c.