Final answer:
The correct answer is Economic specialization
Economic specialization offers the advantage of surpassing previous resource and production limits, enabling countries to focus on goods where they have a comparative advantage and gain from trade, thereby consuming more than they could produce alone.
Step-by-step explanation:
The main advantage of economic specialization is the ability to move out beyond previous resource and production constraints. Economic specialization allows countries to focus on the production of goods for which they have a comparative advantage, meaning they can produce certain goods at a lower opportunity cost than other countries.
This approach to production enhances efficiency and enables a country to gain from trade, as it can consume more than it would be able to produce on its own. Furthermore, splitting up the value chain across various geographic locations maximizes global production capacity and leads to higher levels of consumption for all participating countries.