Final answer:
Hurricanes are the extreme weather events most strongly linked to human-caused climate change, due to altered atmospheric conditions and higher sea surface temperatures.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the listed extreme weather events, hurricanes are strongly linked to human-caused climate change. Tornadoes, earthquakes, and thunderstorms, while potentially influenced by broader climate patterns, are not directly tied to climate change with the same strength of evidence as hurricanes.
Human activities, particularly those connected to the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, have led to increased levels of greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere. This has resulted in global warming, which contributes to more extreme weather phenomena. Specifically, the intensity and frequency of hurricanes are known to have increased due to higher sea surface temperatures and altered atmospheric conditions inherent to climate change.
Unlike hurricanes, the link between tornadoes and climate change is less clear due to their complex nature and the localized factors that contribute to their formation. Earthquakes are geological events and not connected to weather or climate. Thunderstorms may increase in intensity with changing climate, but they are not as directly linked to human-caused climate change as hurricanes.