Final answer:
Corporal punishment refers to physical forms of discipline like spanking, which is different from legal penalties such as prison terms or the death penalty. The justice system aims for a balance between punishment and rehabilitation, and evidence suggests non-incarceratory options for juveniles may be more effective.The correct option is c.
Step-by-step explanation:
Corporal punishment is another way of saying c) Spanking. The term refers to physical punishment aimed at causing pain or discomfort to correct or discipline behavior, but not to the extent of causing injury. It is distinct from other forms of legal penalties such as life in prison, the death penalty, or punitive measures related to white-collar crimes. Within the context of the justice system, punishment and rehabilitation seek not only to deter criminal behavior but to offer a path for reformation. While historical punishments have sometimes been barbarous, modern legal standards often prohibit the most extreme forms such as torture. Furthermore, in the case of juvenile incarceration, evidence indicates that non-incarceratory diversion programs might be more effective in preventing recidivism and offering juveniles a more rehabilitative experience.