Final answer:
tRNAs and rRNAs undergo maturation before participating in protein synthesis. tRNAs obtain a three-dimensional structure through hydrogen bonding, while rRNAs are transcribed, processed, and assembled into ribosomes. Four different rRNAs in humans are derived from precursor rRNAs.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mature tRNAs and rRNAs undergo a process called maturation or processing. tRNAs are transcribed and processed in the nucleus before being released into the cytoplasm where they are linked to free amino acids for protein synthesis. During this process, tRNAs take on a three-dimensional structure through intramolecular hydrogen bonding, which positions the amino acid binding site at one end and the anticodon at the other end.
On the other hand, rRNAs are transcribed, processed, and assembled into ribosomes in the nucleolus, which is a specialized region of the nucleus. The four different rRNAs in humans, namely 18S, 5.8S, 28S, and 5S, are derived from precursor rRNAs through a series of processing steps. These processing steps involve the removal of spacer sequences and the addition of chemical modifications to the rRNA molecules.