Final answer:
Thomas Hunt Morgan was the first scientist to describe the phenomenon of X-linked inheritance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The scientist who was first to describe the phenomenon of X-linked inheritance was Thomas Hunt Morgan. He and his colleagues conducted extensive studies with the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, in the early 1900s. Through their meticulous observations of fly chromosomes and their correlation with resulting characteristics, they provided the first experimental evidence supporting the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance. Morgan's groundbreaking work in this field earned him the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1933.