Final answer:
The inhibition of Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase would lead to increased intracellular Na⁺ and Ca²⁺ concentrations due to decreased activity of the Na⁺-K⁺ pump and Na⁺-Ca²⁺ exchange, respectively, as well as decreased glucose uptake due to less effective Na⁺-glucose cotransport.
Step-by-step explanation:
The inhibition of Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase will result in a decreased expulsion of Na⁺ from the cell and decreased import of K⁺ into the cell. This causes an increase in intracellular Na⁺ concentration and a decrease in intracellular K⁺ concentration. As Na⁺-K⁺ pump is important for maintaining the electrochemical gradient across the cell membrane and for the function of other transport systems, the inhibition would have several effects.
Increased Na⁺ inside the cell can lead to reduced activity of the Na⁺-Ca²⁺ exchange, which often uses the gradient to expel Ca²⁺ from the cell by importing Na⁺. If more Na⁺ is inside the cell, this exchange process is less efficient, and intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration can increase (Option E).
Additionally, since the Na⁺-glucose cotransport system depends on the Na⁺ gradient maintained by the Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase, inhibition of this enzyme would render the cotransporter less effective, resulting in decreased glucose uptake (Option D).