Final answer:
Species like whales, bears, and humans that invest a lot in parental care have a Type I survivorship curve, indicating low mortality among young and middle-aged individuals, with most deaths occurring in older years.
Step-by-step explanation:
Large mammal species such as whales, bears and even humans which invest considerable amounts of energy and care into raising a relatively small number of offspring, exhibit a Type I survivorship curve. This curve is characterized by low mortality among the young and middle-aged individuals, with most deaths occurring in the older years. Therefore, such species with high parental investment are defined by a Type I survivorship curve, where most offspring survive to adulthood and have the chance to reproduce.