Final answer:
Solar energy (option c) is an alternative energy resource as it is a non-fossil source of energy. In contrast, coal, natural gas, and petroleum are fossil fuels and not considered alternative energy sources. Renewable energies like solar do not produce CO2 and are more environmentally friendly compared to traditional fossil fuels.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks which option would fall under the definition of an alternative energy. According to Definition 10.2.1, alternative energy is a non-fossil source of energy, and examples include solar, wind, and nuclear power. Therefore, from the options given, solar energy (option c) is an alternative energy resource. The rest, such as coal, natural gas, and petroleum, are fossil fuels, which are traditional energy sources derived from ancient solar energy captured in living matter and stored as chemical energy over millions of years.
Fossil fuels still account for about 80% of total U.S. primary energy production but are associated with environmental concerns like carbon dioxide emissions and the greenhouse effect. Interest in renewable energy sources has been motivated by factors such as the threat of climate change, energy security, and economic considerations. Renewable energy sources like solar power do not produce CO2 during energy generation, which makes them more sustainable and environmentally friendly compared to fossil fuels. Today, advancements in technology and increased awareness have made solar power and other renewable energies more viable and attractive alternatives to fossil fuels.