Final answer:
Harold Kelley's attribution theory focuses on consistency and distinctiveness as factors influencing the attribution of behavior. It addresses the error often made when people attribute behavior to dispositional factors and overlook situational influences. The correct option is c.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Harold Kelley, two factors that greatly influence attribution of behavior are consistency and distinctiveness. This question pertains to Kelley's attribution theory, which describes how individuals interpret and explain causal relationships in the social world.
Kelley proposed that people make attributions based on information gathered over time about consistency, distinctiveness, and consensus of a certain behavior which forms the basis for attributive judgments.
Situational versus dispositional influences on behavior are central to understanding Kelley's theory. Dispositional factors refer to personal attributes, while situational factors relate to the context or environment.
People tend to commit the fundamental attribution error when they attribute others' actions to their disposition and underestimate situational influences.
For example, if someone behaves rudely, we might think they have a rude character (dispositional), rather than considering external factors like having a bad day (situational). The correct option is c.