Question

A 78-year-old man, a diagnosed case of major neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer's disease, is brought for evaluation of anxiety, restlessness, and irritability that has been present for the past 6 months but has worsened for the past week. There is associated insomnia and poor fluency in the language. Currently, the patient appears acutely agitated, aggressive, and furious. He gets out of control during consult, starts shouting and attacking nursing staff in an agitated manner. For what condition is the use of benzodiazepine warranted in this patient?

A. Alzheimer's disease
B. Anxiety
C. Insomnia
D. Delirium
E. Acute agitation

Answer 1

Benzodiazepines are warranted for the condition of acute agitation in the described 78-year-old patient with deteriorating major neurocognitive disorder, showcasing aggressive and uncontrolled behavior, to provide immediate behavioral control and ensure safety.

Step-by-step explanation:

The use of benzodiazepines is warranted in this patient for the condition of acute agitation. Acute agitation can be present in various disorders including Alzheimer's disease, anxiety, insomnia, delirium, and others. However, in this clinical context, the acute, aggressive, and uncontrollable behavior of the patient points towards an immediate need for calming measures. Benzodiazepines are known for their sedative, anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), and muscle relaxant properties and are often used in situations where rapid behavioral control is necessary. Their use in this scenario is aimed at quickly reducing agitation and aggression to ensure the safety of the patient and healthcare staff, which aligns with clinical guidelines for managing acute agitation. It is important to note that while benzodiazepines may be used in the short term, the underlying causes of the patient's symptoms must be addressed for long-term management.