Final answer:
The regulation of internal temperature in organisms and human homes is characterized by negative feedback, which helps maintain homeostasis by counteracting deviations from a set point.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question posed is b) Negative feedback. In both organisms and human-engineered heating/cooling systems, homeostasis, or the regulation of internal conditions such as temperature, is maintained by negative feedback loops. This means that any deviation from the desired condition initiates a response to counteract and revert the system back to its set point. For example, if the body temperature increases above the normal range, mechanisms such as sweating are triggered to cool the body down, which acts as negative feedback to return the body's temperature to the normal range.
Negative feedback loops are essential for maintaining homeostasis because they ensure stability and prevent the internal environment from fluctuating too far from a set point. Conversely, positive feedback loops, although necessary for certain biological processes like childbirth, usually push the organism further away from homeostasis and are much less common.