Final answer:
Percutaneous ASD closure involves using catheters to insert a closure device, while surgical repair is an open-heart surgery to directly close the defect. The choice between the two depends on various factors such as the size and location of the defect and the patient's age and health. Percutaneous closure is less invasive but may not be suitable for all cases.
Step-by-step explanation:
Percutaneous ASD closure and surgical repair are two different approaches to treating atrial septal defects (ASD), which are congenital heart defects where there is an abnormal hole in the wall between the heart's upper chambers. Percutaneous ASD closure involves the use of catheters to insert a device (such as a septal occluder) to close the defect. Surgical repair, on the other hand, involves open-heart surgery to directly close the ASD using sutures or patches.
The choice between percutaneous closure and surgical repair depends on various factors, including the size and location of the defect, the patient's age and overall health, and the preference of the healthcare team. Percutaneous closure is a less invasive procedure that does not require open-heart surgery, resulting in shorter recovery time and fewer complications. However, it may not be suitable for all cases, particularly when the defect is large or in complex locations. Surgical repair is a more traditional approach that allows for direct visualization and manipulation of the defect, but it involves a longer recovery period and poses higher risks.