Question

Which interventions would the nurse implement in caring for a client with diabetes insipidus (DI) after a head injury? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Answer 1

To care for a client with diabetes insipidus after a head injury, a nurse would monitor fluid balance, administer ADH replacements, observe for dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, frequently assess neurological status, and educate the patient on hydration and medication adherence.

Step-by-step explanation:

In caring for a client with diabetes insipidus (DI) after a head injury, a nurse would implement several interventions:

• Monitor the client's fluid intake and urine output carefully to assess the extent of polyuria, which is a hallmark symptom of DI.
• Administer prescribed vasopressin or desmopressin to replace the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) that is lacking in clients with DI.
• Observe for signs of dehydration or electrolyte imbalances, such as sodium, since DI can cause dilute urine and excessive water loss.
• Evaluate the client's neurological status frequently due to the association with head injury, which may affect the posterior pituitary's function and exacerbate DI symptoms.
• Provide education on the importance of adequate hydration and adherence to medication regimens to control symptoms.

Electrolyte imbalances and dehydration are significant risks in DI, and the interventions aim to manage these imbalances effectively. This condition can be complicated by head injury because damage to the hypothalamus or pituitary can disrupt ADH production or release, essential for kidney function and fluid regulation. The use of osmotic diuretics like mannitol to reduce brain swelling after head injury must be carefully managed to avoid exacerbating DI symptoms.