Final answer:
Propylthiouracil (PTU) helps control hyperthyroidism by inhibiting the thyroperoxidase enzyme, decreasing the production of T3 and T4 hormones, thereby reducing symptoms of an overactive thyroid gland.
Step-by-step explanation:
The healthcare provider prescribes propylthiouracil (PTU) for a client with hyperthyroidism. In teaching the client, the nurse should include that PTU acts by inhibiting the enzyme thyroperoxidase, which is necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This action decreases the production of these hormones and can help control symptoms such as weight loss, heart palpitations, and excessive sweating. It's important to note that PTU is part of a class of drugs known as antithyroid drugs, which are used to control overactive thyroid conditions like Grave's disease by reducing thyroid hormone levels. However, the level of thyroid hormones must be carefully monitored during treatment, as too much suppression can lead to hypothyroidism.