Final answer:
The treatment of acute malignant hyperthermia crisis includes the administration of dantrolene sodium, which is essential for reducing muscle rigidity and managing the patient's body temperature. Supportive care and the monitoring of vital signs and electrolytes are also critical aspects of the treatment protocol.
Step-by-step explanation:
Treatment of Acute Malignant Hyperthermia Crisis
The treatment of acute malignant hyperthermia involves prompt recognition of the symptoms, followed by immediate and specific medical interventions. These interventions may include the administration of dantrolene sodium, which acts as a muscle relaxant and is the cornerstone of therapy. The goals are to reduce muscle rigidity, lower the elevated body temperature, and correct metabolic abnormalities. Supportive care measures, such as hydration, electrolyte management, and ventilation support, may also be necessary depending on the severity of the crisis.
Additional steps involve stopping all triggering agents, hyperventilating the patient with 100% oxygen to decrease carbon dioxide levels, and cooling the patient externally or internally if necessary to combat hyperthermia. Close monitoring of the patient's vital signs, blood gases, and electrolytes is critical during this time.