Final answer:
Exit ramps are designed for vehicles to decelerate and safely exit expressways, including special emergency escape ramps in mountainous areas for vehicles with brake failure. An experiment measuring their effectiveness would involve physics principles.Therefore, the correct answer is option D. Exit ramps
Step-by-step explanation:
Exit ramps are designed to allow vehicles to slow down and leave the expressways. These are engineered to provide a smooth transition from the high speeds of the expressway to the slower speeds of the local roads.
Exit ramps play a critical role in highway safety and traffic management by enabling drivers to decelerate safely as they exit from the high-speed throughways.
In the context of the Appalachians, specific ramps known as emergency escape ramps or runaway truck ramps are provided along interstates, such as those with loose gravel, for heavy vehicles like semi-trucks that might experience brake failure.
These are vital safety features, particularly in mountainous or steep areas, because they allow a vehicle losing the ability to brake properly to come to a stop without causing accidents or running off the road. Designing an experiment to measure the effectiveness of these ramps could involve physics principles like friction, velocity, and vehicle mass.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D. Exit ramps