Final answer:
The medical term arthritis is an example of an eponym, derived from the name of the physician who first described the condition.
Step-by-step explanation:
The medical term arthritis is an example of a eponym. An eponym is a word that is derived from the name of a person, typically a medical professional, who first described or identified a particular condition. In the case of arthritis, it is derived from the Greek words for joint (arthron) and inflammation (itis), combined with the name of the physician who first described the condition, Dr. Thomas Sydenham. Arthritis is a general term for inflammation of the joints, and it can refer to various conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or gout.