Final answer:
The correct answer is c). In a condensation reaction, water is formed as a byproduct in the synthesis of a new product by removing a molecule of water from interacting reactants. It is also known as dehydration synthesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a condensation reaction, water is formed as a byproduct. This reaction involves the removal of a molecule of water from interacting reactants to form a new product. It is sometimes referred to as dehydration synthesis. During this reaction, one reactant gives up an atom of hydrogen and another reactant gives up a hydroxyl group (OH) in the synthesis of the new product. The formation of their covalent bond releases a molecule of water.
In a condensation reaction, water is not used to break or form the bonds directly, instead, water is formed. This type of reaction often occurs during the synthesis of biomolecules. For example, when two monomers combine to form a polymer, a molecule of water is released as a byproduct. This process is known as dehydration synthesis or sometimes simply as a condensation reaction. During this reaction, one monomer releases a hydrogen atom, and the other releases a hydroxyl group (OH), which combine to form water. This type of reaction is critical in the formation of large biological molecules such as proteins, where peptide bonds are formed through condensation reactions between amino acids.