Final answer:
Congenital heart defect patients undergo auscultation and medical imaging to diagnose conditions like patent foramen ovale and Tetralogy of Fallot, which may require varying levels of treatment, including surgery.
Step-by-step explanation:
All patients with congenital heart defects typically have auscultation and medical imaging done. Auscultation is the process of listening to heart sounds using a stethoscope, which may reveal unusual sounds indicative of a defect such as those seen in patent foramen ovale, coarctation of the aorta, patent ductus arteriosus, or Tetralogy of Fallot. Medical imaging, often echocardiography, is then used to confirm the diagnosis of these defects.
Some congenital heart defects, like septal defects or valve malfunctions, may not require immediate treatment, while others, such as Tetralogy of Fallot, might necessitate surgical interventions like stent placements or valve replacements to correct the abnormalities and improve survival rates.