Final answer:
The process by which microorganisms cause diseases is known as pathogenesis. It involves the steps and mechanisms by which a pathogen invades a host, replicates, and causes damage, resulting in the development of a disease.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process by which microorganisms cause diseases is known as pathogenesis. Pathogenesis refers to the steps and mechanisms by which a pathogen invades a host, replicates, and causes damage, resulting in the development of a disease. It involves various factors such as the virulence of the pathogen, the immune response of the host, and the interaction between them.
For example, a pathogen may enter the body through inhalation, ingestion, or direct contact, and then it may adhere to and invade host tissues. Once inside, it can release toxins that damage cells and tissues, causing signs and symptoms of illness.