Final answer:
TSH is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and targets the thyroid gland to stimulate the production of thyroid hormones T3 and T4. The correct answer is option A.
Step-by-step explanation:
The gland that secretes Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) is the anterior pituitary gland. The target of TSH is the thyroid gland, and its effect is to stimulate the thyroid to secrete thyroid hormones. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is A) Gland: anterior pituitary Target: thyroid Effect: stimulates the thyroid to secrete hormones. The thyroid hormones in question are T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine). These hormones are essential for regulating metabolism, growth, and development.
The hypocampus and anterior pituitary are involved in a negative feedback loop to regulate the level of thyroid hormones in the blood. High levels of these hormones will inhibit further signaling from the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary, thus reducing TSH production when appropriate.