Final answer:
C. beta-particle. A fast-moving electron produced during a nuclear reaction is known as a beta-particle, denoted by β- or e-.
Step-by-step explanation:
A fast-moving electron produced in a nuclear reaction is called a beta-particle. This process occurs when a nucleus with an unstable neutron to proton ratio undergoes radioactive decay to reach stability. In beta decay, a neutron in the nucleus is transformed into a proton and an electron, where the electron is then emitted from the nucleus at high speed.
These beta-particles are symbolized by β- or e- and are distinct from other particles like alpha particles, neutrons, and positrons, because they carry a single negative charge and have negligible mass.
A fast moving electron produced in a nuclear reaction is called a beta-particle (C). A beta particle is a high-speed electron emitted from the nucleus of an atom during some kinds of radioactive decay. It has an atomic number of -1, charge of -1, and negligible mass.