Question

In the context of aortic regurgitation (AR), which involves the backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole, the following sequence of events occurs: AR leads to an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), which results in excessive stretching of the left ventricle. This excessive stretching eventually leads to a decrease in stroke volume and can ultimately result in systolic heart failure. What is this sequence of events describing in the context of AR?

Answer 1

The sequence refers to the progression of pathological events in aortic regurgitation, leading from increased LVEDV to ventricular stretching, reduced stroke volume, and the risk of systolic heart failure.

Step-by-step explanation:

The sequence of events being described in the context of aortic regurgitation (AR) is a pathological progression that can lead to heart failure. Aortic regurgitation occurs when the aortic valve does not close properly, allowing blood to flow backward into the left ventricle during diastole. This backflow increases the left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), resulting in overstretching of the ventricular muscle. Over time, this excessive stretching can lead to a decrease in stroke volume—the amount of blood ejected with each heartbeat. As stroke volume diminishes, the heart's ability to effectively pump blood is compromised, potentially leading to systolic heart failure as the ventricle fails to contract adequately.