Question

If a patient experiences syncope with a family history of sudden death, a long QT interval, and syncope triggered by activities such as exercise, startle, or sleep, what is the likely diagnosis (dx)?

Answer 1

The likely diagnosis for the patient's symptoms is Long QT Syndrome, a cardiac condition characterized by an abnormality in the heart's electrical system. This condition can lead to dangerous arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Immediate medical evaluation and treatment are necessary.

Step-by-step explanation:

The likely diagnosis for a patient experiencing syncope with a family history of sudden death, a long QT interval, and syncope triggered by certain activities is Long QT Syndrome. Long QT Syndrome is a cardiac condition characterized by an abnormality in the heart's electrical system, resulting in an extended QT interval on an electrocardiogram (ECG). This condition can lead to dangerous arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.

Long QT Syndrome can be inherited or acquired, but in this case, the family history of sudden death suggests an inherited form of the condition. The triggers mentioned, such as exercise, startle, or sleep, are known to elicit erratic heart rhythms in individuals with Long QT Syndrome.

It is crucial for the patient to seek immediate medical attention and undergo a thorough evaluation by a cardiologist. Treatment options may include medication, lifestyle modifications, and in some cases, implantation of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) to prevent sudden cardiac death.