Final answer:
A synonym for sty is hordeolum. Moreover, Valley fever, a fungal infection found primarily in the Southwestern U.S., is also known as coccidioidomycosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer for the synonym of sty is a) hordeolum. A sty, or hordeolum, is a common infection of the oil glands of the eyelid, manifesting as a red, sore lump near the edge of the eyelid. The other terms listed refer to different medical conditions: b) exotropia is an outward turning of the eye, c) vertigo is a sensation of spinning or dizziness, d) cerumen is earwax, and e) choroiditis is an inflammation of the choroid layer of the eye.
Regarding the Valley fever question, the correct answer is b) coccidioidomycosis. Valley fever is a fungal infection caused by the Coccidioides fungus found in soils of specific areas, often the Southwestern United States and parts of Central and South America. It is not caused by the other fungi listed, such as histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, or aspergillosis.