Final answer:
Inflammation of the middle ear is called otitis media, which is most common in children between 3 months and 3 years old and may lead to symptoms such as ear pain and fever.
Step-by-step explanation:
The inflammation of the middle ear is called otitis media. This condition is most common in young children, particularly between the ages of 3 months and 3 years. Otitis media is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the middle ear, leading to increased pressure and potential bulging of the tympanic membrane. The condition may also be accompanied by ear pain, fever, nausea, and in young children, nonverbal cues such as tugging at the ear. It is a significant cause of pediatric visits and antibiotic prescriptions in the United States. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is, 'What is an inflammation of the middle ear called?' is (d) otitis media.