Question

Most common defect in down syndrome baby. fixed and split S2 + SEM w diastolic rumble. dx? tx?

Answer 1

The most common heart defect in babies with Down syndrome indicated by a fixed and split S2 and SEM with a diastolic rumble is an atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD). Diagnosis involves a clinical assessment and echocardiography, and treatment generally requires surgical repair to correct the defect.

Step-by-step explanation:

The student is referring to a congenital heart defect potentially associated with Down syndrome. A fixed and split S2 and systolic ejection murmur (SEM) with a diastolic rumble may indicate an atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD), which is common in babies with Down syndrome. AVSD involves defects in the septal walls between the heart's chambers and issues with the heart's valves. The diagnosis typically involves a clinical assessment and confirmation by echocardiography. Treatment for AVSD usually includes surgical repair to correct the anatomical defects and restore proper heart function.