Final answer:
Type 1 Diabetes (DMI) is an autoimmune disease leading to insulin deficiency and high blood glucose. Long-term treatment involves insulin therapy, blood sugar monitoring, a healthy diet, and exercise. The diagnostic criteria include high fasting blood glucose, high random/postprandial glucose with symptoms, or an A1C level of at least 6.5%.
Step-by-step explanation:
Pathology of Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (DMI)
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (DMI), also known as Type 1 Diabetes, is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. This results in an insulin deficiency, leading to high blood glucose levels. Without ongoing, careful management, DMI can lead to various complications such as cardiovascular disease, nerve damage, kidney damage, and vision problems.
Long-Term Treatment for DMI
The long-term treatment of DMI typically involves lifelong insulin therapy to maintain blood glucose levels within a normal range. Patients might use a combination of short-acting and long-acting insulin. Additionally, regular blood sugar monitoring, healthy eating, and exercise are crucial components of treatment.
Diagnostic Criteria for DMI
- Fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L).
- Random or postprandial blood glucose of ≥200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) along with symptoms of hyperglycemia.
- An A1C level of ≥6.5%.