Final answer:
Frequently viewed objects should be kept at horizontal line of sight or slightly below, according to ergonomic recommendations; this avoids strain and promotes comfort and productivity. The correct answer is option e.
Step-by-step explanation:
Per ergonomic recommendations, frequently viewed objects should be positioned at a line of sight that limits strain on the neck and eyes. Specifically, it is generally advised that such objects be situated within a comfortable range that does not require tilting the head too far up or down from a natural, neutral position. Therefore, the correct position would be at horizontal line of sight or slightly below. However, placing objects too high or too low can lead to discomfort and potential musculoskeletal problems over time.
In terms of office ergonomics, a human factors psychologist would be concerned about elements that affect worker comfort and efficiency, such as the height of the chair, which allows for proper posture and reduces the risk of strain injuries. Ergonomic office design focuses on optimizing the working environment for better health and productivity.
For detailed work, such as that performed by jewelers, the ability to see objects at a closer distance than the normal 25 cm is beneficial. This informs the power required for lenses used in glasses or magnification tools to aid in tasks requiring fine detail.
Understanding and respecting ergonomics is central to workplace health and safety. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) stipulates guidelines, like the proper illuminance for desktop lighting, to prevent eye strain and create a comfortable working environment.