Final answer:
The hypodermis is a layer below the dermis that connects the skin to the underlying fascia. It consists of connective tissue and adipose tissue, which stores fat and provides insulation. Fat distribution within the hypodermis varies based on hormones, genetics, and age.
Step-by-step explanation:
The hypodermis (also called the subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia) is a layer directly below the dermis that connects the skin to the underlying fascia of the bones and muscles. It consists of well-vascularized, loose, areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue, which functions as a mode of fat storage and provides insulation and cushioning for the integument.
Adipose tissue in the hypodermis consists of fat-storing cells called adipocytes. This stored fat serves as an energy reserve, insulates the body to prevent heat loss, and acts as a cushion to protect underlying structures from trauma. The distribution of fat within the hypodermis depends on hormones, genetic factors, and age. Men tend to accumulate fat in different areas than women.
The hypodermis is not strictly a part of the skin, although the border between the hypodermis and dermis can be difficult to distinguish. Its role is to connect the skin to the underlying structures.