Final answer:
Splenomegaly and failure to thrive can be caused by various factors, such as anemia, malnutrition, and protein energy malnutrition.
Step-by-step explanation:
Splenomegaly and failure to thrive can be a result of several underlying conditions. Anemia, edema, enlarged liver or spleen, and hydrops are symptoms that can lead to the death of a newborn in severe cases. Additionally, high levels of malnutrition resulting from a lack of access to a diverse diet with adequate protein can contribute to these conditions. Lastly, diseases like marasmus and kwashiorkor, which are forms of protein energy malnutrition, can cause wasting of muscles and anemia.