Question

Cyanotic newborn with single S2, no murmur, and narrow mediastinum

Answer 1

A cyanotic newborn with single S2, no murmur, and narrow mediastinum is likely presenting with Tetralogy of Fallot, a congenital heart defect characterized by four abnormalities in the heart. The condition leads to insufficient oxygenated blood supply, resulting in cyanosis and a narrow mediastinum. The absence of a murmur may be due to low blood flow.

Step-by-step explanation:

Cyanotic Newborn with Single S2, No Murmur, and Narrow Mediastinum

This condition described by the student is characteristic of

Tetralogy of Fallot

, a congenital heart defect. Tetralogy of Fallot is a combination of four heart abnormalities: pulmonary infundibular stenosis, overriding aorta, ventricular septal defect, and right ventricular hypertrophy. The single S2 refers to a single sound produced by the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves. The absence of a murmur is unusual in this condition, but it may be due to low blood flow. The narrow mediastinum could be a result of the heart being shifted to the right side due to the enlarged right ventricle.