Final answer:
The first step in collecting blood using a central venous access device is to follow a strict protocol or checklist, which includes ensuring a sterile environment, using PPE, and maintaining aseptic technique. Also, depending on whether fluids are administered or blood is collected, IV bag placement relative to the patient's arm is essential.
Step-by-step explanation:
The first thing to do when collecting blood using a central venous access device is to follow a standardized protocol or checklist. This is critical to ensure patient safety and to prevent potential complications, like bloodstream infections. Implementing a checklist, such as the one proposed by Dr. Pronovost for ICU doctors inserting central lines, emphasizes the necessity of following sequential steps without omission. Proper preparation includes confirming the necessity of blood collection based on the patient's condition, assessing for potential blood loss, and ensuring the availability of appropriate access and fluids. Additionally, it is essential to create a sterile field, use personal protective equipment (PPE), and maintain aseptic technique throughout the process.
When administering fluids or medication via an IV bag, it must be placed correctly relative to the patient. For instance, to facilitate fluid entering a patient's arm, the IV bag is generally placed at least 0.24 m above the entry point. Conversely, when collecting blood, bags are usually positioned below the donor so that blood can flow easily from the arm to the bag. Knowledge of such placement ensures effective fluid or blood transfer. Regardless of the procedure's nature, ensuring patient safety by adhering to established protocols is the overarching priority when using any central venous access device.