Final answer:
The bloodborne pathogen posing the greatest risk from a needlestick injury is Hepatitis B (HBV), with health-care workers being particularly vulnerable. Preventative measures and post-exposure protocols are crucial in managing the risk.
Step-by-step explanation:
If you receive a needlestick injury, the bloodborne pathogen you are at most significant risk for is Hepatitis B (HBV). Health-care workers are at a heightened risk for HBV, which can be transmitted through exposure to infectious blood or body fluids. It is essential to follow strict precautions to prevent infection, which includes using protective gear such as gloves and face protection, adhering to sterilization protocols, and following post-exposure prophylaxis if necessary. The CDC recommends the hepatitis B vaccination for all healthcare workers who might be exposed to blood and other infectious materials, and prompt action is critical in the event of exposure to potentially contaminated blood.
Hepatitis B has a significant incubation period and can lead to chronic infection, particularly in infants, among whom chronic rates are higher. Chronic HBV can progress to serious conditions such as cirrhosis, liver failure, or liver cancer. Besides HBV, other major bloodborne pathogens include hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but HBV remains the most prominent risk associated with needlestick injuries.