Final answer:
A whistleblower is an employee who exposes the wrongdoing of an institution, while reporter's privilege refers to the practice of granting anonymity to sources. Governments should not restrict unpatriotic or critical speech, and journalists should have the freedom to report stories from different perspectives.
Step-by-step explanation:
A whistleblower is an employee or officer of any institution who believes that they have been ordered to perform an act or have obtained knowledge of activities that cause harm to third parties, violate human rights, or go against the defined purpose of the institution. They inform the public of these facts and expose the wrongdoing. Whistleblower protection laws have been established to safeguard individuals from retaliation when they voice their concerns.
The term reporter's privilege refers to the practice of granting anonymity to sources by journalists to protect them from government prosecution. This privilege has facilitated whistleblowers and government employees in providing information to journalists to investigate questionable government practices. While whistleblowers can face prosecution for leaking classified information, reporters and news outlets are generally not targeted for passing on such information to the public.
The right to speak the truth to the media and expose wrongdoing is an essential aspect of freedom of speech and the press. Governments should not restrict or censor unpatriotic, disloyal, or critical speech, especially during times of international conflict. Journalists should have the freedom to report stories from different perspectives and cover information from opposing forces or enemies.