Hey there! It seems like you have a lot of questions. Let's break them down one by one, starting with the first one.
1. The Seven Deadly Wastes, also known as Muda, are:
- Overproduction: Producing more than what is needed, leading to excess inventory and waste.
- Waiting: Idle time or delays in the production process, resulting in wasted time and resources.
- Transportation: Unnecessary movement of materials or products, adding no value and increasing the risk of damage or loss.
- Overprocessing: Performing unnecessary or excessive steps in a process, consuming resources without adding value.
- Inventory: Excess stock or materials that tie up capital and may become obsolete or damaged.
- Motion: Unnecessary movement of people or equipment, leading to inefficiency and potential safety hazards.
- Defects: Errors or mistakes that require rework or correction, wasting time and resources.
2. Here are two causes and effects of each type of waste:
- Overproduction: Causes - inaccurate demand forecasting, lack of communication. Effects - excess inventory, wasted resources.
- Waiting: Causes - poor planning, equipment breakdowns. Effects - delays in production, decreased productivity.
- Transportation: Causes - inefficient layout, lack of standardized processes. Effects - increased risk of damage, longer lead times.
- Overprocessing: Causes - unclear customer requirements, lack of process optimization. Effects - wasted time, increased costs.
- Inventory: Causes - overproduction, poor inventory management. Effects - tied-up capital, increased storage costs.
- Motion: Causes - poor workplace design, lack of training. Effects - decreased efficiency, increased risk of accidents.
- Defects: Causes - lack of quality control, inadequate training. Effects - rework, customer dissatisfaction.
3. Identifying and eliminating wastes bring several benefits to a company, such as increased efficiency, reduced costs, improved quality, and enhanced customer's satisfaction.