Final answer:
The language that means exactly what it says or describes is known as literal language, which is the correct answer D for the given question. Therefore, the correct option is D. literal.
Step-by-step explanation:
The language that means exactly what it says or describes is D. literal. Literal language is language that states facts or ideas directly and clearly. This is in contrast to figurative language, which often uses similes, metaphors, and personification to describe something by comparing it to something else, thus creating an image or concept in the reader's mind. Whereas literal language conveys information in a straightforward manner, figurative language adds layers of meaning and can evoke emotions, create deeper understanding, or add complexity to the text.