Final answer:
The connection of the eastern and western hemispheres enhanced bureaucracy by necessitating more extensive governmental systems to manage the complexities of globalization, urban growth, and economic expansion. This led to transformative political and economic changes, with debates around the costs and impacts of bureaucratic growth influencing global affairs, especially during the Cold War era.
Step-by-step explanation:
The interconnection of the eastern and western hemispheres brought about substantial changes in global bureaucracies. During the early 15th century, the foundations for globalization were set, mainly because of the economic and political advantages accumulated by regions within A f ro-Eurasia due to their extended history of interactions along trade routes and through the creation of empires. With the advent of industrialization in the late nineteenth century, the need for bureaucratic systems increased substantially in countries like the United States, where urban growth and economic expansion necessitated a more centralized governmental structure to support infrastructure projects such as railways and regulate the increasing complexity of economic activities.
By the 20th century, these bureaucratic structures became even more critical as globalization surged, facilitating international trade and economic transactions that are metaphorically visible from space if one could see all economic interactions as brightly colored lines. This era witnessed two world wars, shifts in economic power, and significant population movements from rural areas to cities. Such changes further entrenched the importance of bureaucracy, as governments needed more extensive systems to manage the new global order's complexities.
Despite the benefits, this growth in bureaucracy also led to debates about its impacts on economic freedoms and the costs associated with regulatory frameworks. Such debates became especially relevant during the Cold War, affecting political decisions and shaping the global economic landscape.