Answer:
(a) In "Self-Reliance," Emerson employs the shared experience of attending church to introduce his discussion of individuality. He describes the common practice of people going to church to listen to the preacher, expecting to hear wisdom and guidance. However, Emerson notes that this shared experience often leads to conformity and the acceptance of conventional ideas. By using a widely understood and relatable scenario, Emerson sets the stage for his exploration of individuality by highlighting the tendency of individuals to conform to societal expectations.
(b) The inclusion of the shared experience of attending church helps Emerson achieve his purpose in "Self-Reliance" by illustrating the dangers of conformity and the suppression of individuality. By tapping into a communal experience that many readers can relate to, Emerson effectively communicates his critique of societal norms and the pressure to conform. This shared experience serves as a universal entry point for readers, allowing them to connect with Emerson's ideas more readily. It sets the foundation for Emerson to advocate for the cultivation of individual thought and self-reliance, encouraging readers to question societal expectations and embrace their unique perspectives. Overall, the shared experience serves as a compelling introduction that reinforces Emerson's message about the importance of individuality and nonconformity.
:D