Final answer:
To find the moles of CO2 that will fit in a gallon bag, divide the volume of the gallon bag (3.785 liters) by the molar volume of a gas at STP (22.4 L/mol), which results in approximately 0.169 moles.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the number of moles of CO2 gas that would occupy a gallon bag, we apply the molar volume concept. At standard temperature and pressure (STP), one mole of a gas occupies 22.4 liters (L). Since there are approximately 3.785 liters in a gallon, the volume of a gallon bag is 3.785 L.
Now, using the molar volume at STP, we can set up a proportion:
number of moles = volume of gas / molar volume at STP = 3.785 L / 22.4 L/mol
This gives us the number of moles of CO2 that will fit in a gallon bag.
Calculating this, we get:
number of moles = 3.785 L / 22.4 L/mol
≈ 0.169 moles
Therefore, under standard conditions, approximately 0.169 moles of CO2 gas would occupy the volume of a gallon bag.