Final answer:
To establish probable cause for search and arrest warrants in U.S. v. M. Farah and Others, evidence of a crime, location of the evidence, and specific details of involved individuals must be established, based on the Fourth Amendment's standards.
Step-by-step explanation:
Facts and Circumstances to Prove Probable Cause
To prove there was probable cause to issue the search and arrest warrants in the case of U.S. v. M. Farah and Others, the following facts and circumstances would need to be established:
- Evidence or reasonable belief that a crime has been committed.
- Indications that evidence relating to the crime is present in the location to be searched.
- Specific information indicating the individuals involved in the crime.
- Oath or affirmation by law enforcement affirming the existence of probable cause.
- Particular description of the location to be searched and the items to be seized.
This is grounded in the Fourth Amendment, which prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures and sets the requirement for search warrants to be supported by probable cause.
Notable cases such as Illinois v. Gates, which established the 'totality of circumstances' test, play a crucial role in determining probable cause under the Fourth Amendment.
Additionally, the exclusionary rule from Mapp v. Ohio and the privacy protections established in Katz v. United States are relevant to understanding how evidence obtained without probable cause may be treated in court.