Question

A. For each of the following causal claims, explain how you would controls for your test group; (ii) explain a specific test implication; set up a randomized experimental study. (i) Identify some relevant (iii) explain how you would conduct the experiment. 1. Eating a bag of potato chips every day leads to weight ga 2. Regular exercise lowers blood pressure. 3. Taking large doses of vitamin C reduces the duration of a cold. 4. Yoga increases your overall sense of well-being. 5 Drinking protein shakes after weight lifting increases strength.​

Answer 1

To control for the test group in different causal claims, set up randomized experimental studies, identify relevant variables, and explain specific test implications.

For each of the following causal claims, here's how you would control for the test group, set up a randomized experimental study, identify relevant variables, and explain a specific test implication:

1. Eating a bag of potato chips every day leads to weight gain: You would form two groups: one that eats a bag of potato chips every day and one that does not. You would track their weight regularly and compare the weight gain of the two groups. A test implication could be that reducing or eliminating potato chip consumption could potentially help control weight gain.
2. Regular exercise lowers blood pressure: You would form two groups: one that engages in regular exercise and one that does not. You would measure their blood pressure regularly and compare the results. A test implication could be that incorporating regular exercise into a lifestyle could potentially help lower blood pressure.
3. Taking large doses of vitamin C reduces the duration of a cold: You would form two groups: one that takes large doses of vitamin C when they have a cold and one that does not. You would track the duration of their colds and compare the results. A test implication could be that consuming large doses of vitamin C during a cold could potentially reduce its duration.
4. Yoga increases your overall sense of well-being: You would form two groups: one that practices yoga regularly and one that does not. You would assess their overall sense of well-being through surveys or self-reported measures and compare the results. A test implication could be that incorporating regular yoga practice into a lifestyle could potentially improve overall well-being.
5. Drinking protein shakes after weight lifting increases strength: You would form two groups: one that drinks protein shakes after weight lifting and one that does not. You would measure their strength levels regularly and compare the results. A test implication could be that consuming protein shakes after weight lifting could potentially enhance strength gains.