Final answer:
The Classical Era of Greece, occurring between the fifth and fourth centuries BCE, had a powerful influence on Western Civilization. It was a period of major turning points and changes in various aspects of human life, such as politics, art, science, literature, and philosophy. The major regions where these changes occurred were Greece and its surrounding areas, and the effects of this era continue to shape human history in significant ways.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Classical Era: A Time of Greek Influence
The Classical Era, also known as the Classical Age of Greece, occurred between the fifth and fourth centuries BCE. This period had a significant impact on the development of Western Civilization, influencing areas such as politics, art, science, literature, and philosophy. Some major turning points or 'game changers' of this period include the triumph of the Greek coalition against Persia, the emergence of powerful city-states, and the profound achievements in philosophy by influential thinkers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.
The major regions of the world where these changes occurred were primarily in Greece and the surrounding areas, which formed the Greek coalition during the Persian Wars. The Greek poleis, or city-states, were at their most powerful and innovative during this time, both economically and militarily. These changes in Greece greatly influenced the Roman Empire, which inherited many aspects of Greek culture.
The effects of the Classical Era on human history are profound and enduring. The foundations laid during this period continue to shape our modern world. For example, Western political systems, architecture, scientific thought, and literature can trace their roots back to this time. The emphasis on philosophy and contemplative activities also marked a shift towards valuing intellectual pursuits. These effects can still be seen today, as the legacy of Ancient Greece lives on in our society.