In terms of biodiversity, the tundra is home to a variety of organisms specially adapted to the cold climate. This includes low-growing plants like mosses, lichens, and dwarf shrubs. These plants have adaptations such as shallow root systems and the ability to photosynthesize even in cold temperatures. They provide important food and shelter for herbivores like caribou, musk oxen, and lemmings.
The tundra also supports a range of bird species that migrate to the region during the summer months to breed. These birds, such as snow buntings and Arctic terns, take advantage of the abundant insect populations that emerge during the short summer.
Overall, the tundra has lower biodiversity compared to other biomes due to its extreme climate and limited resources. However, the organisms that do inhabit the tundra have unique adaptations that allow them to survive in this challenging environment.