Final answer:
The author's arguments in “the dark ages debate” are logical and credible because they are based on facts and credible inferences, and they skillfully refute counterclaims while appealing to the readers' logic and emotions using ethos and logos.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the article “the dark ages debate”, the author's arguments are logical and credible in several ways. First, the author makes use of presented facts, which are pieces of information that can be verified externally. This lends credibility to their arguments as the foundation is based on observable and testable data. Additionally, the author constructs credible inferences by connecting these facts with personal knowledge or previous experiences, rather than relying on unsubstantiated beliefs. It is crucial to differentiate between credible inferences and facts, as the strongest arguments are those supported by verifiable facts with reasonably drawn conclusions.
Another aspect of the article's credibility is the author's ability to acknowledge and partially refute realistic counterclaims. This not only demonstrates the fairness of the writer but also shows an advanced skill in appealing to the readers' logic and emotions. It indicates that the author is considering various perspectives and is not omitly any relevant arguments that may challenge their position, further strengthening the credibility of their arguments.
The effective use of Appeal to Ethos and Appeal to Logos also contributes to the logical and persuasive nature of the argument. By utilizing reliable sources, including professional organizations and data from credible surveys, the author establishes a strong ethos. Simultaneously, by presenting rational arguments supported by data, the author effectively uses logos to help readers understand the situation and its implications logically.