Final answer:
James Madison believed that a 'well-constructed Union' would control the effects of faction, ensure the selection of enlightened representatives, and provide greater security against one party's dominance. The size of the republic would prevent local interests from gaining too much power and offer a strong defense against tyranny, promoting a unified nation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Advantages of a 'Well-Constructed Union'
James Madison believed that a “well-constructed Union” would be advantageous for a number of reasons. First, he saw the Union as a safeguard against domestic faction and insurrection. Madison argued that a large republic, such as the United States, would help control the effects of faction, which he defined as groups with adverse interests to the community. The size of the Union would prevent any one group from gaining too much power and help in the selection of representatives with more enlightened and virtuous qualities.
Moreover, Madison reasoned that the increased variety of parties in a large republic would provide greater security against any single faction dominating, thereby protecting the interests of the whole. The large scope of the national republic also meant that local interests would be less likely to rise to a position of dominance, which tended to limit abuses of power and ensure a defense against tyranny.
Madison also pointed out the diplomatic and domestic advantages of a strong central government. A strong central authority could avoid the dangers of foreign interference and conflicts between states themselves, leading to a more unified nation.
Furthermore, the Federalist Papers, co-authored by Madison, highlighted that the government's structure was federal in nature and advocated for the necessity of Union as a means to prevent the rise of a powerful aristocracy. Instead, representatives chosen from a diversity of interests would act to advance the greater good over local or selfish interests.