Final answer:
The major enabling factors in skyscraper construction are reinforced concrete and steel, which allow buildings to surpass traditional height limits and bear greater loads.
Therefore, the correct answer is: option c). reinforced concrete and steel
Step-by-step explanation:
The design and construction of skyscrapers involves creating safe, habitable spaces in very high buildings. The buildings must support their weight, resist wind and earthquakes, and protect occupants from fire.
A major enabling factor in skyscraper construction is reinforced concrete and steel. These materials provide the necessary support for elevated structures far beyond the heights of traditional construction materials.
The advent of steel girders allowed buildings to extend past the limits of 10 to 12 stories, a significant improvement over brick buildings, and laid the foundation for modern architecture's towering skyscrapers.
Reinforced concrete also contributes to the strength and durability of these high-rise buildings by withstanding considerable stress and bearing substantial loads.
This combination of materials and technologies, alongside advancements like passenger and freight elevators, revolutionized urban landscapes.