Final answer:
Number of students not taking either subject 41. To find the number of students not taking either Mathematics or English, subtract the number of students taking both from the total number of students.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the number of students who are not taking either Mathematics or English, we can use the principle of inclusion-exclusion. We know that there are 23 students taking Mathematics, 31 students taking English, and 9 students taking both. To find the number of students not taking either subject, we subtract the number of students taking both from the total number of students.
Total number of students = 50
Number of students taking both subjects = 9
Number of students not taking either subject = Total number of students - Number of students taking both subjects
Number of students not taking either subject = 50 - 9 = 41