Final answer:
The use of SNP markers to identify variations of eye, hair, and skin color is known as genetic fingerprinting. It involves the surveillance of single nucleotide polymorphisms which are unique to every individual and can serve forensic purposes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The use of SNP markers to identify variations of eye, hair, and skin color of a victim is called genetic fingerprinting or DNA fingerprinting. Surveillance of these single nucleotide polymorphisms provides insight into the unique genetic makeup of individuals, which can then be used in a variety of applications, including forensics and medical diagnostics. SNP analysis is one of the many techniques in the field of genetics that focuses on the differences between individuals at the single-nucleotide level. While numerous SNPs have been identified in the human genome, in forensic cases, only specific marker SNPs relevant to the traits in question, such as eye, hair, and skin color, are typically analyzed to assist in victim identification.